Development of a management protocol for internal carotid artery injury during endoscopic surgery: a modified Delphi method and single-center multidisciplinary working group

CONCLUSION: Due to the life-threatening nature of ICA injury, it is imperative that endoscopic sinus and skull base surgeons are prepared to manage this complication. Using a modified Delphi method with a multidisciplinary expert panel, a protocol for management of intra-operative ICA injury was developed.